Привет, друзья. Правильное звучание нужно знать, чтобы научиться правильно говорить по-английски. Изучение звуков речи — это и есть фонетика, о которой поговорим в этой статье. И постараемся, чтобы фонетика английского языка стала для вас понятной и не вызывала проблем.
Уделите большое внимания этим урокам так как именно от них будет зависеть качество вашего произношения английских слов.
Изучение любого иностранного языка начинается с изучения его алфавита. После этого оказывается, что эти буквы звучат и употребляются в словах по-разному. Вот и в английском языке 26 букв, но аж 48 звуков, которые обозначаются этими буквами. Правила произношения звуков, букв и, соответственно, слов изучает фонетика английского языка.
Фонетика — раздел лингвистики, изучающий звуки речи и звуковое строение языка (слоги, звукосочетания, закономерности соединения звуков в речевую цепочку).
English Pronunciation
Фонетика английского языка для начинающих
Буквенное сочетание | Звуки | (Примерное) произношение звуков |
Примеры слов |
ar / al | [a:] | «a:” | car, park, calm |
all | [ↄ:] | «о:» | tall, ball |
ee / ea | [i:] | «и:» | see, tea |
er / or (на конце слова) | [ә] | «э» слабое | doctor, better |
oo | [u], [u:] | «у», «у:» |
book, school |
oy / oi | [ↄɪ] | «ой» | boy, boil |
ow / ou | [au] | «ау» | how, mouse |
or /our /oar /oor | [ↄ:] | «о:» | horse, four, board, door |
ir / ur / er | [ɜ:] (ә:) | «ё» | bird, turn, berth |
ere / ear | [ɪә] | «иэ» | here, hear |
air / ear / ere | [eә] (ɛә) | «эа» | hair, wear, where |
sh | [ʃ] | «ш» | ship, shop |
tion / cion / sion (на конце слова) | [ʃn] | «шн» | situation, suspicion, admission |
ch | [ʧ] | «ч» | cheese, cheap |
ph | [f] | «ф» | phone, physics |
th | [ð], [Ѳ] | this, thanks | |
dg | [ʤ] | «дж» | judge |
zh | [ʒ] | «ж» | Voronezh |
sure (на конце слова) | [ʒ] | «ж» | treasure, measure |
ng | [ŋ] | «н» носовой | sing, song |
English Vowel Sounds
Sounds | Letters | Examples | Notes |
[i:] | e, eeeaie, ei | be, eve, see, meet, sleep,meal, read, leave, sea, team,field, believe, receive | been [i];bread, deaf [e];great, break [ei];friend [e] |
[i] | iy | it, kiss, tip, pick, dinner,system, busy, pity, sunny | machine, ski,liter, pizza [i:] |
[e] | eea | let, tell, press, send, end,bread, dead, weather, leather | meter [i:]sea, mean [i:] |
[ei] | aai, ayei, eyea | late, make, race, able, stable,aim, wait, play, say, day,eight, weight, they, hey,break, great, steak | said, says [e];height, eye [ai] |
[æ] | a | cat, apple, land, travel, mad;AmE: last, class, dance, castle, half | |
[a:] | ara | army, car, party, garden, park,father, calm, palm, drama;BrE: last, class, dance, castle, half | war, warm [o:] |
[ai] | i, iey, uy | ice, find, smile, tie, lie, die,my, style, apply, buy, guy | |
[au] | ouow | out, about, house, mouse,now, brown, cow, owl, powder | group, soup [u:]know, own [ou] |
[o] | o | not, rock, model, bottle, copy | |
[o:] | oroaw, auoughtal, wa- | more, order, cord, port,long, gone, cost, coffee,law, saw, pause, because,bought, thought, caught,hall, always, water, war, want | work, word [ər] |
[oi] | oi, oy | oil, voice, noise, boy, toy | |
[ou] | ooa, ow | go, note, open, old, most,road, boat, low, own, bowl | do, move [u:]how, owl [au] |
[yu:] | ueweuue, ui | use, duty, music, cute, huge, tune,few, dew, mew, new,euphemism, feud, neutral,hue, cue, due, sue, suit | |
[u:] | uo, ooewue, uiou
|
rude, Lucy, June,do, move, room, tool,crew, chew, flew, jewel,blue, true, fruit, juice,group, through, route;
AmE: duty, new, sue, student |
guide, quite [ai];build [i] |
[u] | oouou | look, book, foot, good,put, push, pull, full, sugar,would, could, should | |
neutral sound [ə] | u, ooua, eo, i | gun, cut, son, money, love,tough, enough, rough,about, brutal, taken, violent,memory, reason, family | Also:stressed, [ʌ];unstressed, [ə]. |
[ər] | er, ur, iror, arear | serve, herb, burn, hurt, girl, sir,work, word, doctor, dollar,heard, earn, earnest, earth | heart, hearth [a:] |
English Consonant Sounds
Letters | Sounds | Examples |
b | [b] | baby, best, buy, bring, blind, absent, about, number, labor, robber, tub |
c | [s][k] | center, cellar, cigarette, cinema, agency, notice;cake, come, cucumber, clean, cry, scratch, act, panic |
d | [d] | day, dear, die, door, duty, admire, hidden, lady, kind, ride, ended |
f | [f] | fast, female, five, forest, fund, fry, flight, often, deaf, cuff |
g | [g][j][zh] | game, gap, get, go, gun, great, global, giggle, ago, begin, dog, egg;general, gin, giant, agent, suggest, Egypt, energy, huge, manage;mirage, garage, beige, rouge |
h | [h][-] | hair, help, history, home, hotel, hunt, behind, inherit;hour, honor, honest, heir, vehicle, Sarah |
j | [j] | jam, Jane, jet, jelly, Jim, jingle, joke, John, June, just |
k | [k] | Kate, kind, kill, kilogram, sky, blanket, break, take, look |
l | [l] | late, let, live, alone, close, slim, please, old, nicely, table, file, all |
m | [m] | make, men, mind, mother, must, my, common, summer, name, form, team |
n | [n] | napkin, never, night, no, nuclear, funny, student, kindness, ton, sun |
p | [p] | paper, person, pick, pour, public, repair, apple, keep, top, crisp |
q (qu) | [kw][k] | quality, question, quite, quote, equal, require;unique, technique, antique, grotesque |
r | [r] | rain, red, rise, brief, grow, scream, truck, arrive, hurry, turn, more, car |
s | [s][z] | send, simple, song, system, street, lost, kiss, release;cause, present, reason, realism, advise, always, is, was |
t | [t] | task, tell, time, tone, tune, hotel, attentive, student, boat, rest |
v | [v] | vast, vein, vivid, voice, even, review, invest, give, move, active |
w | [w] | wall, war, way, west, wind, word, would, swear, swim, twenty, twist |
x | [ks][gz][z] | exercise, exchange, expect, ex-wife, axis, fix, relax;exam, exact, executive, exert, exist, exit, exult;Xenon, Xerox, xenophobia, xylophone |
z | [z][ts] | zero, zoo, horizon, puzzle, crazy, organize, quiz, jazz;pizza, Mozart, Nazi, waltz |
Карточки с английскими звуками для 2 класса
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Introduction to Teaching Pronunciation
На первый взгляд эта классификация может показаться непростой, но поверьте, на практике вы почувствуете и сразу поймете, что к чему. А понимание происхождения звука поможет произносить его правильно.
Вторая часть с примерами применения каждого звука.
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